The city of Constantine,
called the city of extensions, which is the capital of the east of Algeria, and one of the biggest urban areas in Algeria, the
zone and specification in the populace. The antiquated city is based on a stone
of hard limestone, giving it an interesting perspective that is difficult to
discover anyplace on the planet in any city. Constantine has more than 8 connects, some of
which have been decimated for absence of repair. Some of them are as yet
battling with time, so Constantine
is known as the city of scaffolds. The sand valley goes through the old city of
Constantine and
is beaten by spans at heights of more than 200 meters
• The
historical backdrop of the area started with the appearance of Amazigh and
their consistency in tribes. The antiquated Greeks were named after the
Libyans, the Numidians. Constantine
was established by the Phoenician traders. The antiquated name was Qarata,
which means Phoenician (town or city) and the Carthaginians called it Sarim
Batim
• Cirta, the antiquated name of
Constantine, was celebrated interestingly when Masenisa, lord of Numidia,
turned into the kingdom's capital. The city was then blockaded by an attack of
the Euphrates, which declined to isolate the
kingdom of his dad into three segments, on account of the help of the Romans
and following an attack of five months broke into fortresses of the city and
seized. Certa came back to carry on another grandness with the new ruler of
Numidepa, who could abstain from isolating the Kingdom into kingdoms
The city at that point entered under the
specialist of the Romans. Amid the Byzantine time frame, it revolted in 311 AD.
To the focal specialist and was attacked again by the Roman powers and
requested by Emperor Maxinos to demolish them.
• Emperor Constantine reconstructed it in 313 AD.
What's more, took his name and moved toward becoming called Constantinople or Constantine. From the
year 429 AD, the triumphs of the Vandal were known, and the Byzantines
recaptured it
• With
the passage of Muslims to Morocco, the city was known as a sort of freedom, and
its kin dealt with their own issues until the ninth century. The district was
known as the entry of the Hilal tribes, and in the tenth century, after which
the Arabic dialect was overwhelmed by the general population of the locale
The city entered the care of the Zairians and afterward the Hammadis, proprietors of the palace and Bejaia. The city of Andalusia settled as a Jewish people group settled, and the general population of the city treated them with resistance
• It merits specifying that the entry of the Jews
was after the fall of Andalusia, where they lived in peace under Islamic
control, and afterward ousted by the Christians aficionados of the Catholic Church
in Rome after the fall of the last leaders of Andalusia
• Since the thirteenth century the city moved to the ownership of Hafsien proprietors of Tunisia and stayed in their grasp until the passage of the Algerian Turks
Before their last settlement in the area, the
Ottoman Turks endeavored to possess the city a few times, and were dependably
slam into resistance Hafsien. In 1568 AD. He drove a crusade against the city
and could catch it without a battle. What's more, sentenced him to the nation
after the ejection of Abdel Momen, pioneer of the Hafsien and with him tribe of
youngsters
• Constantine was been the capital of the Middle
Bailik. Saleh Bey (1771-1792 AD) set up the city and gave it its unmistakable
character. One of his most imperative works is the development of the Qataniyah
Mosque and School. What's more, the Sidi Lakhdar school, where he showed Arabic
and made a unique neighborhood for the Jews after they were disseminated all
through the city
• In
1830, with the control of Algeria by the French, the general population of the
city declined to perceive the expert of the French. Ahmed Bey drove the crusade
and could restore the French twice in two unique years in fights to seize
Qantara, which was the door toward the east. In 1837, the French campaign drove
by Dumurier was sold out by a Jewish inhabitant of the city (where the French
figured out how to sneak into the city through mystery sections that achieved
the focal point of the city), and by mounted guns likewise caused a hole in the
mass of the city. At that point the tempest broke out, and the French troopers
conflicted with the wild resistance of the general population and needed to
keep battling in the avenues and houses. The fight finished with the demise of
numerous occupants and the solidness of the occupiers in the city following
quite a while of fizzled endeavors. Al Bay Ahmed and his successor Benaissa
succeeded
escape toward the south
There are a few points of interest in the province of Constantine, the most critical of which
are:
- Prehistoric tombs: The tombs of the occupants
of the city of Constantine have a lot of extravagance, situated at the summit
of Mount, Sayed Massid, in the place called "Landmark of the dead."
Different tombs were found under the Cave of the Bears and another to Bakira. Different tombs in the Kharoub range are situated in the locales of Sidi Bouhjar, Qashqash, Kaf Tasnaga, Banuara and every one of them are ancient
- The Mjalitiye Cemetery of Bunnara: 32 km from Constantine, and on the national street No. 20 driving towards Falamah, the Mjalitian burial ground of Bunara is situated on the southwestern slants of the mountain "Mazala", 2 km north of the town of Bonuara
These dolmens are comprised of ancient layers of
calcite layers, a significant number of which seem to have been harmed and
devastated
The general model of these authentic highlights is a table made up of four vertical shake squares and a table, shaping a triangular chamber. The dolmens are normally encompassed by a hover of single stones, in some cases two, three or four circles. The occupants of the old area They utilize it to cover their dead in such an invigorated way, to the point that appears to have proceeded into the third century BC
Constantine dominated its social and religious
character since old circumstances, and this angle is committed after the
dependability of Islam, so I knew the way toward building mosques with a
perpetual procedure, and we will list the names of the most imperative of these
mosques as takes after:
• Grand Mosque: Built in the time of the Zairian state in 503 AH, 1136 AD, was based on the remnants of the Roman sanctuary is as of now Benhaj Arab receptacle Mehdi, changed its outside engineering because of the reclamation, and is portrayed by Arabic engravings cut on the dividers
• Mosque of the Spinning Market: requested to assemble Alay Hassan. It was in 1143 AH-1730M. The French military administration transformed it into a house of God and stayed until the point when it came back to its unique source
• Mosque of Sidi al-Akhdar: requested by the
development of al-Hassan canister Hussein, nicknamed Abu Hanak in (1157-1743 m) as confirm by the
engraving on a marble tablet over the entryway of the passageway, and there is
close to the mosque burial ground containing a few graves,
• Mosque of Sidi Kettani: There is a market
"showcase today", requested Saleh container Moustaf worked in (1190
e-1776) and alongside him is the burial ground of the group of Saleh Bay
• Al-Baidawi Mosque: Located in Bab al-Qantara region, worked in the period after autonomy, it was rebuffed by the considerable researchers of the city of Constantine, for example, Sheik al-Tulqi and Sheik Yusuf Bugababa known evangelist
• Prince Abdul Qader Mosque: A stone was laid by
President Houari Boumediene and initiated by President Chazli Ben Jadid, one of
the biggest mosques in North Africa. It is described by its two minarets, each
of which is 107 meters
high and 64 meters
high. It was made by the hand of man in the present age, and the accomplishment
of this plan in the Andalusian oriental style was the aftereffect of
participation between a few architects and specialists of Egyptians and
Moroccans, notwithstanding the considerable commitment of designers,
professionals and laborers
What's more, the mosque can oblige around 15 thousand admirers, and we take note of that the Egyptian specialist, "Mustafa Moussa," which is a senior Arab engineers is the person who composed the mosque and the college
The city additionally brags various different
mosques, including: Mosque of Sidi Fan - Mosque of Sidi Mohamed Ben Maimon -
Mosque of Sidi Bouanaba - University of Ms. Hafsa - Mosque of Sidi Rached -
Mosque of Sidi Nemdel - Mosque of Sidi Abdelmoumen - Mosque of Sidi Boumeza -
University of Sidi Qamush - University Forty Sharifa, and so on
The city was strengthened by a divider that was
surrendered by seven doors, and some of them say six, all shut at night:
• Bab Hanansha: which permits the exit from the north of the city through the valley of the sand, and prompts the springs that stream into the lakes Sidi Mesid
Bab al-Rawah: It stretches out through a sound of wooziness and prompts the northern side of the sand valley and interfaces this segment to the wells of Sidi Maimon, which streams into the bowl
• Bab al-Qantara: The city achieves the southern bank of the sand valley
Bab Al-Jabiya: Open making a course for Sidi Rashed, situated at a tallness of 510 m
• Bab al-Jadeed: north of the principal square of November, annihilated in 1925
• Bab al-Wad or "the entryway of the slope": enables access to the pine boxes of substantial Kaadi, has been situated in the Palace of Justice now
These entryways filled in as the city's inoculation work against outsiders and started continuously to vanish until the point that the French occupation totally evacuated its belongings. The landmark of the dead goes back to 1934 and was worked to honor the demise of France who fell in the First World War and from its surface the guest can appreciate an awesome scene of the city of Constantine, where the statue of triumph, which resembles a legendary winged creature prepared to fly. One of the attributes of this landmark is that it is flawlessly found somewhere between Algiers and Tunis, and is gone before by the statue of the Virgin Mary, the Lady of Peace
Because of the harsh territory of the city and the
valley of the profound sand valley, seven scaffolds were raised to encourage
the development of movement. Constantine
was later known as the city of extraordinary scaffolds
Bab al-Qantara connect: the most seasoned scaffold worked by the Turks in 1792 and annihilated by the French to fabricate the vestiges of the current extension in 1863
• Sidi Rashed Bridge: It has 27 arcades, with a most extreme width of 70 m and an expected tallness of 105 m, 447 m long and 12 m wide. Movement started in 1912, the most noteworthy and biggest stone scaffold on the planet
• Bridge Sidi: worked by the French in 1912 and furthermore called the suspension connect, assessed tallness of 175 meters and 168 meters, the most astounding extensions of the city
• Mellah Sulayman Bridge: It is a two-foot-and-a-half-mile press passageway that interfaces the railroad station to the downtown area
• Sheep Bridge: It is an expansion of Rahmani Ashour Street, and due to its restriction, it is solid
• Devil Bridge: A little extension associating the banks of the sand valley and situated at the base of the furrow
• Al-Shallalat Bridge: out and about prompting the swimming pool, the scaffold goes through Wadi al-shoe, which goes through the waterfalls and in 1928
• The goliath sand connect venture: in connection
to the sand valley and will be length of 1150 m and the width of 25 m two streets forward and
backward notwithstanding the "tramway" amidst the scaffold and at a
tallness of more than 100 m
and will reach out from the statures of "Mansoura" to the "Jinan
olive" A money related envelope of 250 million Algerian dinars
The writers call Constantine the name of the
city of "Affection and Air" and this is because of the idea of the
environment, the printing of its kin, and the spread of plantations and trees
in every one of its parts and along these lines the city is accessible on a few
open greenery enclosures attempting to temper the climate inside, and maybe the
most vital of these greenhouses which still keep up its wonder and
magnificence, It merits specifying that the royal residence of "Ahmed"
is situated in the focal point of Bab al-Wad, and in Sidi Mabrouk region there
are two patio nurseries, one situated in the upper locale and the other is
situated in the lower territory. Bai "is accessible on a wonderful garden,
A portion of the records that Baie himself
directed, and among the patio nurseries of Constantine, which was composed by a
few students of history and explorers "Garden, Qusum Mohammed: (asserting
Sakura Qambita) situated behind the road Belozdad, which has pulled in many
individuals for excellence and thickness of trees and there is a statue Of the
stone worker "L Host", and under the scaffold of Bab al-Qantara there
is a lovely garden, and on account of its area on the incline, it draws in
consideration from a far distance
• Vistina has the methods for transport
accessible, for example, urban and semi-urban transport covering the city
however it doesn't meet the requests of its clients. This prompted the prospect
of the improvement of the tramway, which began in Tramway Constantine. Telferik
likewise claims Tataash Belkacem neighborhood, Prince Abdelkader region,
University of Ibn Badis at a tallness of 707 meters This line
incorporates 33 vehicles with a limit of up to more than 1200 travelers for
each hour one way and can cover the outing in a matter of 08 minutes and
guarantees the administration to more than 100 thousand individuals and serves
guests University Hospital evaluated at 10,000 guests per day and prompted
vinegar S new unique to investigate the sights of Constantine
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